Venous Thromboembolism in Trauma Patients

1. Pathophysiology

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a significant concern in trauma patients, characterized primarily by the formation of thrombus in the venous system that can lead to deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). Understanding the pathophysiology of VTE in the context of trauma is crucial for developing strategies for prevention and treatment. The mechanisms behind VTE are multifaceted, involving a complex interplay of hemodynamic changes, endothelial injury, and hypercoagulability, often referred to as Virchow`s triad. In trauma patients, the initial injury can lead to significant hemodynamic alterations. These alterations are often accompanied by immobilization, which can cause venous stasis, particularly in the lower extremities. The disruption of normal blood flow gives rise to conditions that favor thrombus formation. This stasis is compounded by pain and systemic inflammation, both of which can lead to reduced mobility and prolonged periods of immo
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