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squamous cell carcinoma, which originates in the squamous cells lining the cervix, and adenocarcinoma, which arises from the glandular cells. The staging of cervical cancer is crucial for determining treatment options and prognosis, ranging from stage I, which is localized to the cervix, to stage IV, which indicates advanced disease that may have spread to other organs. The global burden of cervical cancer is particularly alarming, with it being one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality among women in many regions. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), it is estimated that over 600,000 new cases of cervical cancer were diagnosed worldwide in recent years, with more than 300,000 deaths resulting from the disease. The incidence rates vary significantly by geographic region, with the highest rates observed in sub-Saharan Africa, where the lack of effective screening and vaccination programs contributes to the relatively high prevalence of the disease¡¦(»ý·«)
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