1. Introduction
The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly affected every aspect of global society, revealing vulnerabilities in health systems, economies, and environments. As nations began to emerge from the immediate crisis, the European Union (EU) recognized a crucial opportunity to rethink and reshape its approach to environmental sustainability. The pandemic served as a wake-up call, highlighting the interconnectivity between human activities and environmental health. In the shadow of widespread economic shutdowns and reduced carbon emissions, there was a unique moment to reflect on the paths taken toward environmental degradation and the urgent need for a sustainable future. Prior to the pandemic, the EU had already established itself as a leader in environmental policy, promoting ambitious goals for reducing greenhouse gas emissions, enhancing biodiversity, and transitioning to a circular economy. The European Green Deal, unveiled in late 2xxx, laid the groundwork for comprehens
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