鍮���④린怨쇳�� [��댁�⑹�����] 8��� 鍮���④린怨� 湲곌����� 洹� ��ъ�⑸��

[3] ���愿�移댄����� ��쎌�����(ureteral catheterization)
- RGP, cytology & culture瑜� ������ collection
- stone basket manipulation, draining an obstructed kidney
[4] 寃쎌��������������(transurethral surgery)
- 諛⑷��醫������� ��댁��寃쎌�� ������, �����⑹��
- ���由쎌��鍮����利���� ��댁��寃쎌�� ������ 寃쎌�����������由쎌����������� �����댁��瑜� ��댁��
[5]���遺�������

2. 寃쏀�쇱�� ������ (Percutaneous procedures)

- ��������� �����곗�������� (antegrade pyelography)
- ��������� 諛⑷��������醫������� (antegrade cystourethrography)
- �����곌��瑜�寃���� (pelvic perfusion study, Whitaker test, pr.-perfusion study)
- 寃쏀�쇱�� 諛⑷��猷� ��ㅼ����� (percutaneous cystostomy)

[1] ������醫���� 寃쏀�쇱�� 泥���� 諛� ��≪�몄�� (percutaneous puncture and aspiration of the renal cyst)
1) Intravascular route (vascular intervention)
(1) embolization of renal cell carcinoma, A-V fistula, malformation, & bleeding sites.
(2) dilation of stenotic arteries (TLAP)
(3) intractable hemorrhage of the bladder or pelvic organs
2) Percutaneous endourology & ureterorenoscopy
(1) antegrade pyelography
(2) pressure/perfusion study(Whitaker test)
- 10 ml/min
- 13 cmH2O ��� : no obstruction
14 - 22 : mild obst.
22 cm���(������)